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铁路为何不开设无陪护儿童服务 相关部门答疑_我的网站

一 |           　　暑运期间，儿童乘坐火车出行的数量增加。

二 | 年满6周岁且未满14周岁的可购买儿童优惠票;年满14周岁，应当购买全价票。但在购票之后，儿童能否单独乘坐火车出行呢?      　　国铁集团客运部客运管理处副处长 牟宏基：除日常火车通勤上学的学生、经铁路运输企业特殊同意并确认可途中监护的儿童外，未满14周岁未成年人原则上需随同成年旅客出行。

三 |     KABUL, Afghanistan -- The watchdog for U.S. assistance to Afghanistan has warned that the Taliban are benefiting from international aid through the establishment of fraudulent nongovernmental organizations.The Taliban have exerted greater control over national and international NGOs since seizing power in August 2021. They have barred Afghan women from NGO work and sought to push out foreign organizations from the education sector.A report from the U.S. Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction, or SIGAR, said it found that the Taliban benefit from American-funded education programming through the generation of tax revenues and from more “nefarious” methods like the establishment of fraudulent NGOs and extorting and infiltrating existing NGOs to obtain or direct international donor aid. In May, a SIGAR report highlighted the Taliban’s interference with NGO work in Afghanistan. The Ministry of Economy, which supervises the sector, rejected the claims. Ministry spokesman Abdul Rahman Habib, responding to the latest SIGAR report on Monday, said there was no evidence of interference.According to the report, published this month, the U.S. has spent around $185 million on education in Afghanistan since August 2021.An NGO official told SIGAR that the Taliban target and extort Afghans who receive monetary support from American-funded education programs under the guise of taxation. In another example, NGO officials told the watchdog that the Taliban coerced NGOs into hiring supporters or purchasing goods from Taliban-owned companies.Taliban policies and priorities have reduced the overall quality of education, with a drop in the number of teachers and a decrease in teacher quality, as unqualified community members or Taliban officials replace staff, SIGAR said."We found that the Taliban have been unable to fully fund public school teacher salaries and building maintenance costs, leading to further teacher shortages and the deterioration of school buildings."The redirection of international donor aid to community-based education schools, along with financial and infrastructure challenges facing the Taliban, raised serious questions about how the Taliban could sustain the education sector and if they had any intention of doing so, the report said.An Education Ministry spokesman, Qari Mansor Ahmad Hamza, called the SIGAR report baseless and said the quality of teaching and school facilities in Afghanistan is better than before.“At present, the projects and financial assistance of international aid agencies are under the strong supervision of the top leadership of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,” Hamza said, employing the term the Taliban use to describe their administration. The leadership promises to “invest this aid” and share reports with the country, the spokesman added.。其中，未满6周岁的儿童需要和大人一起检票进站;未满14周岁持儿童优惠票的儿童可以自己刷票进站，但应随成年旅客同行，如果旅客声明该儿童独自出行，铁路部门有权拒绝其单独乘车。     　　这位负责人解释说，现实情况中，存在个别旅客先购买自己的车票和儿童优惠票后，在乘车前再退掉自己的车票的情形，铁路现行购票规则没有禁止这种操作，但这并非制度漏洞，而是为了方便旅客个性化出行需求。      　　牟宏基：铁路部门对匹配旅客出行的复杂场景和多元需求进行了充分考量，比如儿童可能会与“为其购票家长”之外的其他成年亲友同行，如孩子的家长为其购票，但不同孩子一起出行，而是由其他同行的购买相同车次车票的成年亲友带孩子出行。铁路部门没有强制要求成年旅客在退掉自己车票时要同时退掉儿童优惠车票，主要是为了方便旅客出行。     　　铁路部门没有开设全程专人无陪护儿童服务      　　近年来，不少航空公司推出了无陪护儿童服务。

四 | 记者注意到，乘坐火车出行没有专人无陪护儿童服务，也不存在“自动托管”“乘务员全程照看”这类服务内容。这又是为什么呢?      　　国铁集团客运部客运管理处副处长 牟宏基：铁路是大众化交通工具，与民航航班全程客舱封闭、点对点运输、单一行程的模式不同，铁路运输具有站点多、停站短、车厢人员流动性大等特点。列车运行期间，乘务人员需要为全列所有旅客提供在途服务，还要应对各类突发情况，不具备一对一全程看护单独出行儿童的条件，所以目前铁路部门没有设立未成年人专属看护、托管、全程监护等个性化服务。

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Published on:05:26:40